Open and laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Advantages, differences and conversion
Keywords:
open, cholecystectomy, conversion, surgery, laparoscopicAbstract
Introduction: Cholelithiasis is a serious problem in modern medicine and is the most common procedures performed in general surgery. Currently, most cholecystectomies are performed laparoscopically. Objective: describe the advantages, differences and conversion between open and laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Method: this study was developed through a documentary analysis applying the PRISMA system. A systematic search was performed in the PubMed and Google Scholar databases for articles published between 2019 and 2023. The search terms were: cholecystectomy or laparoscopic and treatment outcome or complications or intraoperative complications or postoperative complication. Development: laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) results in a lower overall complication rate and shorter postoperative hospital stay compared with open cholecystectomy. Cases of conversion from laparoscopic to open are associated with infectious postoperative complications, a higher risk of additional procedures, and a higher rate of readmission within 30 days. Additionally, higher morbidity and mortality rates. Conclusions: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is one of the best options for the treatment of biliary disease and cholecystitis. This offers an unquestionable advantage over open cholecystectomy, both for the patient and for the health system.
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