Psychological care in childhood cancer
Keywords:
cancer, childhood, psychological interventionAbstract
Introduction: The child diagnosed with an illness such as cancer faces a wide spectrum of emotions: fear, anger, loneliness, depression, or anxiety. Their level of development will determine the nature of the emotional impact of cancer and the strategies they will use to cope with the illness. Objective: To examine the psychological repercussions of childhood cancer and the main interventions that psychologists can apply to the oncological patient and their family during diagnosis, the course of the illness, and medical treatment. Method: A review was conducted in February 2024, where information was gathered through online searches in SciELO, Google Scholar, and open-access journals, resulting in the selection of 32 articles in Spanish and English. Result: Psychological care is an essential component of comprehensive treatment for childhood cancer. It is necessary to understand the emotional and psychological needs of the patient and their environment, which is why a safe space must be provided for the child to express their fears, anxieties, and hopes, as well as to teach strategies for managing stress, anxiety, and pain. Conclusions: The characteristics of the illness and the side effects of treatments can significantly alter the lives of the child and their family. Therefore, the importance of intervening to reduce the emotional impact of cancer and facilitate the adaptation of the patient and their relatives to the new situation is emphasized.
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