Immune-mediated cells of systemic inflammation in patients with COVID-19
Keywords:
systematic inflammation, immune cells, COVID-19 and SARS-CoV-2Abstract
SAR-CoV-2 is a type of coronavirus that causes a disease called COVID-19, which has been the cause of a global pandemic. About 80% of those infected are asymptomatic and the remainder are mild cases with non-specific symptomatology such as malaise, fever, myalgia, headache, rhinorrhoea, dry cough and watery stools. An elevated systemic immune-inflammatory index (IIIS) is a predictor of mortality from severe COVID-19. In published studies, 49.1% of those who died had lung involvement greater than 75%, and in survivors this occurred in 19.6% (RR: 1.54, p=0.001). Importantly, it is not known exactly how the multiple pathways of responses involved in the elimination of infected cells correlate.
Immune responses are highly involved in both innate and adaptive infection. There is binding of SARS-CoV-2 to ACE2-expressing cells, such as alveolar type 2 cells. The clinical manifestations produced by SARS-CoV-2 include some intervening immune cells such as NK cells, B lymphocytes, CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes in patients with moderate and severe COVID-19 conditions. This research consists of an observational, descriptive and retrospective study focusing on the search for information in a reliable database; it is a literature review, systemic and meta-analysis on immune cells mediating systemic inflammation in patients with COVID-19. Thus, the main objective of this review is to expose the immune characteristics of the different responses associated with inflammation.
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