Comprehensive care for women during the weather

Abstract

Introduction: menopause is a transitional period in women, lasting years before and after menopause, until old age or senescence. Menopause refers to the final menstrual period, which involves physiological changes as a result of ovarian depletion, associated with a decrease in estrogen production. Clinical manifestations vary, primarily including hot flashes, mood swings, osteoporosis, and cardiovascular and genitourinary disorders. Therapeutic advances in the 21st century have led to an increasing number of women reaching menopause and spending at least a third of their lives beyond this stage. Objective: to conduct an updated review of the comprehensive management of women during menopause, aiming to improve their quality of life during this stage. Methods: a descriptive study conducted through a bibliographic review of various scientific literature, including meta-analyses and trials. Results: the prevalent symptoms are osteoarticular discomfort, physical and mental fatigue, and depression. The therapeutic regimen is chosen according to the stage of menopause: sequential for the transition and perimenopause and continuous for postmenopause. In women with a uterus and hysterectomized patients, hormone replacement therapy is required. Conclusions: hormonal and non-hormonal therapeutic strategies are effective, but further studies are needed to optimize them, as there is a risk of stroke and venous thromboembolism if these strategies are maintained for several years. Early diagnosis and management of this condition, as well as education of the population in this regard, are essential to avoid complications and improve women's quality of life.