Differences of oral manifestations between children, adolescents and adults with HIV/AIDS
Keywords:
HIV/AIDS, oral lesions, HIV positive childrenAbstract
Introduction: Oral manifestations are a very relevant diagnostic factor to be taken into account by the dentist, as these can be indicators of infection or progression of the HIV virus. Objective: determine the most prevalent oral manifestations in children, adolescents and adults with HIV/AIDS. Method: A bibliographic review is carried out using documentary methodology. 20 original articles were selected, published in the period 2018 – 2023. They were obtained through a search in databases such as: PudMed, Web of Science, Wiley Online Library, Frontiers in Pediatrics and SciElo. For the search matrix, the key words were used: “HIV/AIDS”, “oral lesions”, “oral manifestations of HIV”. Results: After the analysis of the results obtained in the bibliographic review, it was determined that the oral manifestations present in adults with HIV/AIDS are various, with periodontal disease predominating with 9, 5 %; followed by pseudomembranous candidiasis, oral ulcers, ulcerative gingivitis, hairy leukoplakia, and others. In children and adolescents, pseudomembranous candidiasis predominated with a 20 % frequency, then it was found that both gingival disease (necrotizing gingivitis), periodontal disease and non-specific oral ulcers presented 8, 9 %, with others occurring at lower percentages. Conclusions: It is concluded that there are several oral manifestations in adults with HIV/AIDS, the most frequent being periodontal diseases, while, in children and adolescents, the most predominant are pseudomembranous candidiasis. These may be the first manifestations that a person infected with HIV presents.
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