Biological perspective of dental whitening
Keywords:
Tooth whitening, Postwhitening sensitivity, Dental aesthetics, Hydrogen peroxide, Carbamide peroxideAbstract
Introduction: tooth whitening is an aesthetic dental treatment that improves the patients’ confidence and quality of life, but one of the main problems is post-treatment tooth sensitivity. Objective: to identify the main causes of dental sensitivity and other affections after a dental whitening treatment. Method: an analytical and descriptive approach was used, where the compilation of bibliographic information was obtained through analysis, classification, and search of articles with scientific evidence based on data from the year 2018 to 2022, such as Wiley, PubMed, Scielo, Latindex, Dialnet, Lilacs, Redalyc, among others. Results: the bleaching agents cause greater surface roughness and a decrease in microhardness, which allows easy diffusion into the pulp, producing dental sensitivity in patients. In this case, it was the 67, 52 % with hydrogen peroxide (HP), and when it is done with carbamide peroxide (CP) the risk is 74, 88 %, presenting gingival irritation, 23.6% with this whitening agent. Conclusion: the bleaching agent reaches the dental pulp inducing vasodilation and triggering inflammatory mechanisms, which lead to the activation of nociceptors which causes tooth sensitivity.
Downloads
References
Ribeiro JS, Oliveira-da Rosa WL, Silva AF, Piva E, Lund RG. Efficacy of natural, peroxide‐free tooth‐bleaching agents: A systematic review, meta‐analysis, and technological prospecting. Phyther Res [Internet]. 2020 [citado 4 de enero de 2022];34(5):1060-70. Disponible en: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ptr.6590
Mehta D, Jyothi S, Moogi P, Finger WJ, Sasaki K. Novel treatment of in-office tooth bleaching sensitivity: A randomized, placebo-controlled clinical study. J Esthet Restor Dent [Internet]. 2018 [citado 4 de enero de 2022];30(3):254-8. Disponible en: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jerd.12374
Maran BM, Vochikovski L, de Andrade Hortkoff DR, Stanislawczuk R, Loguercio AD, Reis A. Tooth sensitivity with a desensitizing-containing at-home bleaching gel—a randomized triple-blind clinical trial. J Dent [Internet]. 2018 [citado 4 de enero de 2022];72:64-70. Disponible en: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0300571218300538
SPARC (Organization) M, Álvarez López B, Moradas Estrada M, Álvarez López B. Avances en odontoestomatologia. [Internet]. Vol. 34, Avances en Odontoestomatología. [Internet]; 2018 [citado 20 de abril de 2022]. 59-71 p. Disponible en: https://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0213-12852018000200002&lng=es&nrm=iso&tlng=es
Mounika A, Mandava J, Roopesh B, Karri G. Clinical evaluation of color change and tooth sensitivity with in-office and home bleaching treatments. Indian J Dent Res [Internet]. 2018 [citado 4 de enero de 2022];29(4):423. Disponible en: http://www.ijdr.in/text.asp?2018/29/4/423/239404
Kikly A, Jaâfoura S, Sahtout S. Vital laser‐activated teeth bleaching and postoperative sensitivity: A systematic review. J Esthet Restor Dent [Internet]. 2019 [citado 4 de enero de 2022];31(5):441-50. Disponible en: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jerd.12482
Burey A, Sutil E, Nunez Aldaz MA, Méndez‐Bauer ML, Rezende M, Reis A, et al. Assessment of the effect of experimental bleaching agent with nano‐bioactive material on postoperative sensitivity: A randomized, triple blind clinical trial. J Esthet Restor Dent [Internet]. 2021 [citado 4 de enero de 2022];33(
DONASSOLLO SH, DONASSOLLO TA, COSER S, WILDE S, UEHARA JLS, CHISINI LA, et al. Triple-blinded randomized clinical trial comparing efficacy and tooth sensitivity of in-office and at-home bleaching techniques. J Appl Oral Sci [Internet]. 2021 [citado 12 de febrero de 2022];29. Disponible en: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-77572021000100445&tlng=en
Martini EC, Parreiras SO, Szesz AL, Coppla FM, Loguercio AD, Reis A. Bleaching-induced tooth sensitivity with application of a desensitizing gel before and after in-office bleaching: a triple-blind randomized clinical trial. Clin Oral Investig [Internet]. 2020 [citado 12 de febrero de 2022];24(1):385-94. Disponible en: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31104111
PIEROTE JJA, PRIETO LT, DIAS CT dos S, CÂMARA JVF, LIMA DANL, AGUIAR FHB, et al. Effects of desensitizing products on the reduction of pain sensitivity caused by in-office tooth bleaching: a 24-week follow-up. J Appl Oral Sci [Internet]. 2020 [citado 12 de febrero de 2022];28:1-9. Disponible en: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-77572020000100452&tlng=en
Meireles SS, Santos ME, Lustosa ÍMC, Leite ELL. Effects of a reduced in-office bleaching protocol with 37.5% hydrogen peroxide on effectiveness and tooth sensitivity: A double-blind randomized clinical trial. J Esthet Restor Dent [Internet]. 2021 [citado 12 de febrero de 2022];33(5):824-31. Disponible en: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34180574
Rashid S, ElSalhy M. Efficacy of MI Paste® on Bleaching-Related Sensitivity: Randomized Clinical Trial. Khurshid Z, editor. Int J Dent [Internet]. 2021 [citado 16 de marzo de 2022];2021:1-8. Disponible en: https://www.hindawi.com/journals/ijd/2021/9963823/
Vilela AP, Rezende M, Terra RMO, Silva KL, Sutil E, Calixto AL, et al. Effect of topical application of nanoencapsulated eugenol on dental sensitivity reduction after in‐office dental bleaching: a randomized, triple‐blind clinical trial. J Esthet Restor Dent [Internet]. 2021 [citado 16 de marzo de 2022];33(4):660-7. Disponible en: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jerd.12728
Yassin O, Milly H. Effect of CPP-ACP on efficacy and postoperative sensitivity associated with at-home vital tooth bleaching using 20% carbamide peroxide. Clin Oral Investig [Internet]. 2019 [citado 16 de marzo de 2022];23(4):1555-9. Disponible en: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30121734
Parreiras SO, Szesz AL, Coppla FM, Martini EC, Farago PV, Loguercio AD, et al. Effect of an experimental desensitizing agent on reduction of bleaching-induced tooth sensitivity: A triple-blind randomized clinical trial. J Am Dent Assoc [Internet]. 2018 [citado 20 de abril de 2022];149(4):281-90. Disponible en: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29439773
Meireles SS, de Sousa JP, Lins RBE, Sampaio FC. Efficacy of whitening toothpaste containing blue covarine: A double-blind controlled randomized clinical trial. J Esthet Restor Dent [Internet]. 2021 [citado 20 de abril de 2022];33(2):341-50. Disponible en: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32820846
Meireles SS, Santos ME, Lustosa ÍMC, Leite ELL. Effects of a reduced in‐office bleaching protocol with 37.5% hydrogen peroxide on effectiveness and tooth sensitivity: A double‐blind randomized clinical trial. J Esthet Restor Dent [Internet]. 2021 [citado 20 de abril de 2022];33(5):824-31. Disponible en: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jerd.12744
Meireles SS, de Oliveira RDB, Barbosa MTG, da Silva KL, Loguercio AD. Efficacy and tooth sensitivity of at-home bleaching in patients with esthetic restorations: a randomized clinical trial. Clin Oral Investig [Internet]. 2022 [citado 1 de marzo de 2022];26(1):565-73. Disponible en: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34383143
Hortkoff D, Bittencourt BF, Nadal JM, Gomes OM, Rezende M, de Almeida Farhat PB. Clinical Study of Bleaching Gel Storage Temperature on Tooth Color and Sensitivity. Oper Dent [Internet]. 2019 [citado 20 de abril de 2022];44(5):459-68. Disponible en: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30702403
Hass V, Carvalhal ST, Lima SNL, Viteri-García AA, Maia Filho EM, Bandeca MC, et al.
Effects of Exposure to Cola-Based Soft Drink on Bleaching Effectiveness and Tooth Sensitivity of In-Office Bleaching: A Blind Clinical Trial
. Clin Cosmet Investig Dent [Internet]. 2019 [citado 18 de mayo de 2022];Volume 11:383-92. Disponible en: https://www.dovepress.com/effects-of-exposure-to-cola-based-soft-drink-on-bleaching-effectivenes-peer-reviewed-article-CCIDEMartini EC, Parreiras SO, Szesz AL, Coppla FM, Loguercio AD, Reis A. Bleaching-induced tooth sensitivity with application of a desensitizing gel before and after in-office bleaching: a triple-blind randomized clinical trial. Clin Oral Investig [Internet]. 2020 [citado 18 de mayo de 2022];24(1):385-94. Disponible en: http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00784-019-02942-9
Maran BM, Vochikovski L, de Andrade Hortkoff DR, Stanislawczuk R, Loguercio AD, Reis A. Tooth sensitivity with a desensitizing-containing at-home bleaching gel-a randomized triple-blind clinical trial. J Dent [Internet]. 2018 [citado 18 de mayo de 2022];72:64-70. Disponible en: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29551346
GÜMÜŞTAŞ B, DİKMEN B. Effectiveness of remineralization agents on the prevention of dental bleaching induced sensitivity: A randomized clinical trial. Int J Dent Hyg [Internet]. 2021 [citado 18 de mayo de 2022]; Disponible en: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/idh.12524
Sutil E, da Silva KL, Terra RMO, Burey A, Rezende M, Reis A, et al. Effectiveness and adverse effects of at-home dental bleaching with 37% versus 10% carbamide peroxide: A randomized, blind clinical trial. J Esthet Restor Dent [Internet]. 2022 [citado 25 de mayo de 2022];34(2):313-21. Disponible en: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33169944
Pompeu D da S, de Paula BLF, Barros APO, Nunes SC, Carneiro AMP, Araújo JLN, et al. Combination of strontium chloride and photobiomodulation in the control of tooth sensitivity post-bleaching: A split-mouth randomized clinical trial. Loguercio A, editor. PLoS One [Internet]. 2021 [citado 25 de mayo de 2022];16(4):e0250501. Disponible en: https://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0250501
de Paula B, Alencar C, Ortiz M, Couto R, Araújo J, Silva C. Effect of photobiomodulation with low-level laser therapy combined with potassium nitrate on controlling post-bleaching tooth sensitivity: clinical, randomized, controlled, double-blind, and split-mouth study. Clin Oral Investig [Internet]. 2019 [citado 25 de mayo de 2022];23(6):2723-32. Disponible en: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30361793
do Carmo Públio J, Zeczkowski M, Burga-Sánchez J, Ambrosano GMB, Groppo FC, Aguiar FHB, et al. Influence of different thickeners in at-home tooth bleaching: a randomized clinical trial study. Clin Oral Investig [Internet]. 2019 [citado 25 de mayo de 2022];23(5):2187-98. Disponible en: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30280326
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
The Gaceta Médica Estudiantil magazine provides immediate Open Access to its content. It is published under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC) license, which allows sharing (copying and redistributing the material in any medium or format) and adapting (remixing, transforming, and building upon the material), under the terms of acknowledge authorship and not make commercial use of the materials.
